Papers

[1] Review and reflection on EU education digitalization strategy, policy and practice and its enlightenment to China (2022) - By Tore Hoel, Wu Zhichao, Ming Zhian, Sun Bo, Yuan Li

[2] Hoel, T., Can, M., Ming, Z., & Yuan, L. (2022) AI Explicability from an Educational Perspective: Rethinking Ethics and Literacy. Chinese Journal of ICT in Eduction, No. 4, Apr 2022, Vol 28, General No. 511

[3] Knox, J., Hoel, T., & Yuan, L. (2022). From Principles to Processes: Lessons for Higher Education From the Development of AI Ethics. In F. Almaraz-Menéndez, A. Maz-Machado, C. López-Esteban, & C. Almaraz-López (Ed.), Strategy, Policy, Practice, and Governance for AI in Higher Education Institutions (pp. 101-125). IGI Global.

[4] Hoel, T., Yuan, L. & Cao, M. (2021) Blockchain in education: What are the benefits for lifelong learning?. Global Lifelong Learning, Vol.1, No.1, pp.17-30.

[5] Hoel, T., Chen, W., & Pawlowski, J. (2020). Making context the central concept in privacy engineering. Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning 15:21.

[6] Hoel, T., Chen, W., & Lu, Y. (2020). Teachers' perceptions of data management as educational resource — A comparative Case Study from China and Norway. Nordic Journal of Digital Literacy. Vol. 3/2020.

[7] Hoel, T. (2020). Privacy for learning analytics in the age of big data – exploring conditions for design of privacy solutions. PhD dissertation at University of Jyväskylä, Finland.

[8] Hoel, T. & Chen, W. (2019). Privacy engineering for learning analytics in a global market – defining a point of reference.International Journal of Information and Learning Technology. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJILT-02-2019-0025

[9] Hoel, T. & Chen, W. (2018). Privacy and Data Protection in Learning Analytics should be motivated by an Educational Maxim - towards a proposal. In Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning DOI: 10.1186/s41039-018-0086-8

[10] Hoel,T., Chen, W., & Gregersen, A.B. (2018). Are Norwegian Librarians ready to share Library Data to improve Learning? Journal of Information Literacy in Higher Education, Vol 10, No 1

[11] Hoel, T. & Chen, W. (2018). Interaction between Standardisation and Research – a Case Study. International Journal of Standardization Research (IJSR). Vol 16. Issue 1.

[12] Hoel, T. & Mason, J. (2018). Standards for Smart Education - towards a development framework. Smart Learning Environments. Springer Open. DOI: 10.1186/s40561-018-0052-3

[13] Wang, J., Mendori, T., Hoel, T. (2018). Strategies for Multimedia Learning Object Recommendation in a Language Learning Support System: Verbal Learners vs. Visual Learners. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction.

[14] Hoel, T., Griffiths, D., & Chen, W. (2017). The Influence of Data Protection Frameworks on the Design of Learning Analytics Systems.  In Proceedings of the Seventh International Learning Analytics & Knowledge Conference (LAK '17). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 243-252. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3027385.3027414

[15] Mason, J., Chen, W., & Hoel, T. (2016). Questions as data: illuminating the potential of learning analytics through questioning an emergent field. Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning, 1–14. http://doi.org/10.1186/s41039-016-0037-1

[16] Ferguson, R., Hoel, T., Scheffel, M., & Drachsler, H. (2016). Guest editorial: Ethics and privacy in learning analytics. Journal of Learning Analytics, 3 (1), 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18608/jla.2016.31.2

[17] Hoel, T., & Chen, W. (2016). Privacy-driven design of Learning Analytics applications – exploring the design space of solutions for data sharing and interoperability. In Journal of Learning Analytics. Vol. 3, No. 1.

[18]Hoel, T. and Chen, W. (2015) Privacy-driven design of Learning Analytics applications – exploring the design space of solutions for data sharing and interoperability submitted to Journal of Learning Analytics, special issue on ethics & privacy, 2015-09-11.

[19]Hoel. T. & Pawlowski, J.M. (2013)  How will the digital textbook of 2030 solve Meno's paradox? Submitted to OPEN EDUCATION 2030. JRC-IPTS CALL FOR VISION PAPERS. PART II: SCHOOL EDUCATION, http://blogs.ec.europa.eu/openeducation2030/

Publications

[1] Hoel,T., Yuan,L., and Baker,P. (2013). Standardising future formats of digital textbooks – A framework for mapping international stakeholders’ positions and context draftpublished in Open Forum on the Development of e-Textbook and e-Schoolbag Standards and Applications. Published in Journal of East China Normal University (Natural Science) (Issue No.2, March 2014) (Published version)

Conferences

[1] Hoel, T. (ed). (2020). Blockchain in Education. Report from ISO/IEC JTC1/SC36 AHG5 to SC36 online plenary, September 2020.

[2] Xiao, J., Hoel, T., & Li, X. (2019). Constructing an Open Learning Analytics Architecture for an Open University. In Scheffel et. al. (eds). Transforming Learning with Meaningful Technologies. 14th European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning, EC-TEL 2019, Delft, The Netherlands, September 16–19, 2019, Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, LNCS 11722. Springer.

[3] Hoel, T. & Xiao, J. (2018). Towards an Open Architecture for Learning Analytics in Open and Distance Education. In Yang, J. C. et al. (Eds.) (2018). Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Computers in Education. Philippines: Asia-Pacific Society for Computers in Education

[4] Hoel, T. & Xiao, J. (2018). Towards an Open Architecture for Learning Analytics in Open and Distance Education. In Yang, J. C. et al. (Eds.) (2018). Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Computers in Education. Philippines: Asia-Pacific Society for Computers in Education

[5] Hoel, T. & Chen, W. (2018). Advancing the Delicate Issue of Ethics and Privacy for Learning analytics. In Companion Proceedings 8th International Conference on Learning Analytics & Knowledge (LAK18). Link to poster paper. Link to full proceedings. Link to PDF of poster and support material.

[6] Hoel, T. & Chen, W. (2017). Interaction between Standardisation and Research in Drafting an International Specification on Learning Analytics. In Chen, W. et al. (Eds.) (2017). Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Computers in Education. New Zealand: Asia-Pacific Society for Computers in Education

[7] Hoel, T. & Chen, W. (2017). Towards Developing an Educational Maxim for Privacy and Data Protection in Learning Analytics. Presented at EC-TEL Workshop on Ethics and Privacy for Learning Analytics 12 September 2017, Tallinn, Estonia.

[8] Hoel, T. & Chen, W. (2017).Interaction between standardisation and research in drafting an international specification on learning analytics. In Chen, W. et al. (Eds.) (2017). Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Computers in Education. New Zealand: Asia-Pacific Society for Computers in Education.

[9] Hoel, T. (2017). Data sources for learning analytics: What is the current state-of-art in China? Visiting scholar report to Shanghai Open University, July 2017.

[10] Hoel, T.,  & Chen, W. (2017). Innovating Learning Analytics Policies in Norway - a case study. Presented at workshop of the Seventh International Learning Analytics & Knowledge Conference (LAK '17).

[11] Griffiths, D., Hoel, T. & Cooper, A. (2016) Learning Analytics Interoperability: Requirements, Specifications and Adoption. Public Deliverable D7.4 from the LACE project (European Commission Seventh Framework Programme, grant number 619424).

[12] Drachsler, Hendrik; Cooper, Adam; Hoel, Tore; Ferguson, Rebecca; Berg, Alan; Scheffel, Maren; Kismihók, Gábor; Manderveld, Jocelyn and Chen, Weiqin (2015). Ethical and privacy issues in the application of learning analytics. In: 5th International Learning Analytics & Knowledge Conference (LAK15): Scaling Up: Big Data to Big Impact, 16-20 March 2015, Poughkeepsie, NY, USA.

[13] Hoel, T., Mason, J., & Chen, W. (2015). Data Sharing for Learning Analytics – Questioning the Risks and Benefits — paper to be presented at ICCE 2015 in Hangzhou, China, November 30 - December 4, 2015 - www.icce2015.zjut.edu.cn , published in Ogata, H. et al. (Eds.) (2015). Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Computers in Education. China: Asia-Pacific Society for Computers in Education.

[14] Hoel, T. & Chen, W. (2015). Privacy in Learning Analytics – Implications for System Architecture — paper to be presented at ICKM 15 in Osaka, Japan, 4 - 6 November 2015 ickm.kis.osakafu-u.ac.jp to be published in Watanabe, T. and Seta, K. (Eds.) (2015). Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Knowledge Management.

[15] Hoel, T. (2015). An exploration of standardisation options for the new field of learning analytics — paper presented at Open Forum, ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC36 meeting in Rouen, France, June 26, 2015

[16] Hoel, T. (2015). e-Schoolbag in China – exploring research evidence for large scale deployment of e-Textbooks and services, paper submitted to ICALT 2015, July 2014, Taiwan accepted as 2 page poster paper.

[17] Hoel, T. and Chen, W. (2015) Privacy-driven design of Learning Analytics applications – exploring the design space of solutions for data sharing and interoperability LAK’15, March 16–20, 2015, Poughkeepsie, NY, USA.

[18] Hoel, T. and Chen, W. (2014) Learning Analytics Interoperability – looking for Low-Hanging Fruits Paper to appear in Liu, C.-C. et al. (Eds.) (2014). Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Computers in Education. Japan: Asia-Pacific Society for Computers in Education. Presented at The 1st ICCE Workshop on Learning Analytics (LA2014), Nara, Japan, December 2014.

[19] Hoel,T., Cooper, A.R., Vahdat,M. and Cardinali,F. (2014) LACE – CREATING A COMMUNITY ON LEARNER ANALYTICS AND EDUCATIONAL DATA MINING – STRUCTURING THE DISCOURSE Paper submitted/accepted to EDEN Annual Conference Zagreb, 10-13 June 2014.

[20] Ossiannilsson, E. & Hoel, T. (2014). OER in the Nordic countries - The NoricOER Project.Paper (PDF) accepted at OER14: building communities of open practice, Newcastle, 28 - 29 April 2014.

[21] Hoel, T. (2014) Lack of openness as a potential failure in standardisation management – lessons learnt from setbacks in European learning technology standardisationPaper(PDF)presented 2014-03-24 at I-ESA Workshop on Standards Management workshop.

[22] Hoel, T. (2013). Standards as enablers for innovation in education – the breakdown of European pre-standardisation –  accepted for presentation at ITU Kaleidoscope 2014: Living in a converged world - impossible without standards?

[23] Thomas Richter, Alan Bruce, Tore Hoel, Elina Megalou, Thomas Kret- schmer, Ildiko Mazar, Sofoklis Sotiriou, & Christian M. Stracke. (2013)BARRIERS AGAINST OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES AND POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS: TEACHERS’ PERSPECTIVES AND REC- OMMENDATIONS draft submitted to ICERI Sevilla conference.

[24] Hoel, T. (2013). Paradoxes in LET standardisation – towards an improved process (draft version submitted to ICCE 2013 conference; final version published in Wong, L.-H. et al. (Eds.) (2013). Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Computers in Education. Indonesia: Asia-Pacific Society for Computers in Education.

[25] Hoel, T. (2013). Digital textbooks – current status European and International formal standardisation & a proposed lifecycle model Position paper to W3C Workshop on Publishing using the Open Web Platform, Paris September 2013.

[26] Pawlowski, J.M. et al. (2013). THE NORDIC ALLIANCE FOR OPEN EDUCATION – STATE OF THE ART, CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES, The Joy of Learning - Enhancing Learning Experience - Improving Learning Quality - Proceedings of the European Distance and E-Learning Network 2013 Annual Conference Oslo, 12-15 June, 2013, ISBN 978-963-89559-3-7.

[27] Hoel, T. & Hollins. P.A. (2013) Structuring the discourse about how to develop digital textbooks. Submitted as a short paper to ICALT 2013 - accepted as a poster.

[28] Hoel, T. & Mason, J. (2012). Deficiencies of scope statements in ITLET standardization. To be presented at ICCE 2012, in Singapore, November 2012, published in G. Biswas et al. (Eds.) (2012). Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Computers in Education. Singapore: Asia-Pacific Society for Computers in Education.

[29] Hoel, T. (2012). Has the time come to discuss technical affordances of standards? Short paper submitted to ICCE 2012, accepted as poster.

[30] Hoel, T. & Hollins, P. (2012). Foresight of Technology Enhanced Learning – How to see some light in the murky crystal ball? ICALT 2012, Rome Lefrere, P., Hoel, T., Hollins, P., and Naeve, A. (2012) Smoothing the path to TEL 2020. ICALT 2012, Rome.

[31] Hoel, T. (2012). Global Trends and Forecasts for TEL – some results from the TEL-Map project. ICALT 2012, Rome.

[32] Hoel, T. & Pawlowski, J.M. (2012). Managing standards development in emergent fields of technology innovation – a proposed model of key processes in ICT standardisation, in Enterprise Interoperability - Proceedings of the Workshops of the Sixth International Conference I-ESA '12, ISTE Ltd, London.

[33] Hoel. T. & Mason, J. (2011) Expanding the Scope of Metadata and the Issue of Quality, in T. Hirashima et al. (Eds.) (2011). Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Computers in Education. Chiang Mai, Thailand: Asia-Pacific Society for Computers in Education.

[34] Hoel, T. & Mason, J. (2011) Problematizing the Way we do Standards – Focussing more on Scope and Rationale, in Proceedings from Open Forum during ISO/IEC JTC1 SC36 meeting in Shanghai, 13 September 2011, published by Eastern China Normal University.

[35] Hoel, T & Pawlowski, J.M. (2011) Modelling the CEN WS-LT Standardisation space, Special issue of the IEEE LT Newsletter on Adopting Standards and Specifications for Educational Content, Vol. 13, Issue 3, July 2011, online at http://www.ieeetclt.org/issues/july2011/IEEE-LT-Jul11.htm#_Toc300788488.

[36] Mason, J. & Hoel, T. (2011) The Relevant Questionand the Question of Relevance, in T. Hirashima et al. (Eds.) (2011). Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Computers in Education. Chiang Mai, Thailand: Asia-Pacific Society for Computers in Education.

[37] Hoel, T. & Pawlowski, J.M. (2011) Key Knowledge Sharing Points: Exploring a new concept for studying Crossroads in Global Innovation Projects, ECKM 2011 - 12th European Conference on Knowledge Management, University of Passau Germany, 1-2 September 2011.

[38] Hoel, T. & Hollins, P.A. (2011) Standards for Learning, Education and Training – a proposal for an improved process, ICALT 2011.

[39] Hoel, T. (2011) Never Waste a Good Crisis: Innovation and Technology in Institutions, Ariadne, Issue 66 January 2011, online at http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue66/cetis-2010-rpt/.

[40] Kozlov, D., Hoel, T., Pulkkinen, M. & Pawlowski, J. (2010). The discourse tool: a support environment for collaborative modeling efforts. In A. Heimbürger, Y. Kiyoki, T. Tokuda & N. Yoshida (Eds.), Proceedings of the 20th European-Japanese Conference on Information Modelling and Knowledge Bases: EJC2010 : Jyväskylä, Finland, May 31 - June, 4, 2010. (pp. 387-396). Reports of the Department of Mathematical Information Technology. Series A, Collections (1/2010). Jyväskylä, Finland: University of Jyväskylä.

[41] Hoel, T., Hollins, P.A. & Pawlowski, J.M. (2010) On the Status of Learning Technology Specifications and Standards, Guest Editorial Preface in International Journal of IT Standards and Standardization Research, http://www.igi-global.com/Bookstore/TitleDetails.aspx?TitleId=45992.

[42] Hollins, P.A. & Hoel, T. (2010) Learning Technology Standards Adoption – Process Improvement and Output legitimacy, ICALT 2010, Sousse, Tunisia.

[43] Hoel, T. & Hollins, P.A. (2009) Could European eGovernment Policy Initiatives, in Effect, be Stifling the Development of Learning Technologies?, ICALT 2009, Riga, Latvia.

[44] Hoel, T. & Kamtsiou, V. (2009) ICOPER Big Picture—Modelling the Central Concepts of Competency-Driven Learning, ICALT 2009, Riga, Latvia.

[45] Hoel, T. (2009) Towards a Conceptual Framework for Requirement Gathering and Roadmapping in the Design of Learning Technologies – an Activity Theoretical perspective on Nonaka & Takeuchi's SECI model and its use in a Roadmapping Project, presented at 2009 Joint Summer School on Technology Enhanced Learning, Terchova, Sloavia.

[46] Hoel, T. & Hollins, P.A. (2008) Learning technology standards adoption – how to improve process and product legitimacy ICALT 2008, Santander, Cantabria, Spain.

[47] Hoel, T. & Øverby, E. (2007) Access to digital information – the need for a change of paradigm T4P 2007 Conference (www.t4p.no).

[48] Hoel, T. & Hollins, P.A. (2007) The emergence of pragmatic community practice and specifications. Results from the European LIFE project.  ICALT 2007.

[49] Hoel, T. & Øverby, E. (2007) Bridging the Accessibility Divide to Digital Information  GIIS 2007 Symposium in Marrakech, July 2006 - www.gis2007.org.

[50] Hoel, T. & Hollins, P.A. (2007) Considering "workblogs" as Organisational knowledge management tools, in Griffiths, D., Koper,R.,  & Liber, O. (2007). Service Oriented Approaches and Lifelong Competence Development Infrastructures. Proceedings of the 2nd TENCompetence Open Workshop. Institute of Educational Cybernetics: Bolton, UK, 2007-01-11 and 12, available online at: http://hdl.handle.net/1820/1023.

[51] Hoel, T. & Hollins, P.A. (2007) An exploration into inherent socio-political tensions in the application of "workblogs" as knowledge management tools, presented at theTenCompetence Workshop, Manchester, January 2007.

[52] Lavik, S.; Nordeng, T.W.; Meløy, J.R; and Hoel, T. (2006) Remote Topic Maps in Learning - presented at TMRA 2006, October 11th, 2006, Leipzig; printed in Maicher, L., Sigel, A, and Garshol, L.M. (eds.)  "Leveraging the Semanitcs of Topic Maps",  Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007, ISBN 0302-9743.

[53] Hoel, T. (2006) Service Oriented Architectures without Openness - a contradiction of terms. Reflection on the Norwegian situation , ICALT 2006 .

[54] Hoel, T. (2005) Model filtering - how to prevent black-boxing of discourses about learning and teaching (PDF), in"World Wide Work - Filtering of Online Content in a Globalized World" (ed. Sylvia van de Bunt-Kokhuis),  VU University Press, Amsterdam 2006 (ISBN 90 5383 983 6) .

[55] Hoel, T. (2005) "Standardization as a professional conversation - the need for auxiliary means" (PDF).  WCCE 2005.